The Renewable Energy Tracker 2024, prepared by Climate Action Network (CAN), analyzes the progress of 62 countries towards 100% renewable energy systems. The report evaluates the deployment of clean energy in key sectors such as power generation, transportation, and industry, highlighting the need for inclusive and equitable policies.

Despite some progress, most countries are not meeting the targets set at COP28, such as tripling renewable capacity by 2030. Additionally, inequalities in access to electricity and clean technologies persist, particularly in low-income countries. The report emphasizes that without a comprehensive and equitable approach, the energy transition could leave behind the most vulnerable communities.

In this context, Europe presents significant contrasts in its renewable development, with countries like France and Germany leading the way, while others, such as Italy and the United Kingdom, face greater obstacles.

France and Germany: European Leaders

France and Germany have consolidated leadership positions in Europe in the transition towards renewable energy systems. According to the latest Renewable Energy Tracker 2024 report by Climate Action Network, both countries have made significant advances in several key categories, such as increasing installed capacity and developing related infrastructure.

France is among the “Frontrunners”, standing out for its stability in public policies and sustained investment in solar and wind energy. “France has managed to remain at the top levels of the European ranking due to its focus on ambitious goals and the establishment of key incentives for the renewable sector,” the report states.

Germany, meanwhile, continues to set a benchmark in installed wind energy capacity, particularly in onshore and offshore wind. However, it faces challenges related to reducing its dependence on coal. The report details that the country increased its installed solar and wind capacity by 7% in 2023, consolidating its role as a renewable engine in Europe.

Netherlands, Poland, and Portugal: Steady Growth with Specific Challenges

The Netherlands has maintained a solid trajectory within the “Frontrunners” category, being one of the countries with the highest per capita investment in renewable systems. “The Netherlands has achieved increases of up to 9% annually in installed solar capacity,” the report states, although it warns that the expansion of energy storage remains a pending challenge.

In Poland, the growth of renewable energy has been notable, especially in wind generation. However, the continued dominance of coal as the main energy source raises questions about the sustainability of its transition. Climate Action Network highlights that Poland recorded a 5% annual increase in renewable capacity, but still needs to strengthen policies to decarbonize its industrial sector.

Portugal, for its part, has made significant advances, especially in integrating clean energy into its power grid. According to the report, Portugal is “on track” towards a 100% renewable electricity system by 2030, thanks to policies such as guaranteed tariffs and investment subsidies.

Spain and the United Kingdom: Uneven Progress and Significant Obstacles

Spain holds a prominent position due to its progress in installed solar and wind capacity. In 2023, it saw a 7% increase in renewable generation, positioning the country among the leaders in Europe. However, issues related to bureaucracy and grid connection times persist. According to the report, “Spain must improve its regulatory framework to accelerate the integration of new renewable plants.”

The United Kingdom, on the other hand, faces a more complex situation. Despite progress in offshore wind generation, the country shows a decrease in total renewable investment, falling into the “Moderate” category compared to previous years. The report warns: “Political uncertainty and the lack of clear incentives are hindering the UK’s energy transition.”

Italy: A Concerning Lag

Italy is in the “Trailers” category, reflecting a slower transition to renewable systems. Although it has implemented some initiatives, such as subsidies for solar energy, its dependence on fossil fuels remains high. Climate Action Network notes that “Italy must adopt more ambitious policies to meet its climate targets, especially in sectors like industry and transportation.”

The analysis of the Renewable Energy Tracker 2024 reveals significant disparities in progress towards the renewable transition in Europe. While countries like France and Germany lead with solid strategies, others, such as Italy and the United Kingdom, need greater political and financial commitment to align with global goals. According to the report, Europe’s success in this transition will depend on greater regional cooperation and the achievement of ambitious climate goals.